Basic Description

The *Gataro* (Kawatarou) is a *kappa* passed down in the Goto Islands of Nagasaki Prefecture. Standing about one meter tall at its largest, it bears a dish on its head, and it is said that if the water in it dries up, it loses its power and supernatural abilities—a form common to the *kappa* of Kyushu. In Goto, *kappa* are mainly called *Gataro*, but the name varies by region, such as *Gaataro*, *Gappa*, *Kyataro*, or *Gappadon*. The characteristics of the Goto *kappa* are that it is mischievous and loves sumo wrestling, and it is told that it possesses people like a fox, and its arms easily detach because they are connected inside its shell. While they do harm by stealing fish, there are also stories of docile *kappa* that share sake with humans.

Folklore & Legends

What made the *Gataro* of Goto famous is the belief in it as a god of fire prevention (firefighting). The Mizu-jinja (Water Shrine) on the Daienji River in Fukue Island is known as a god of firefighting, and it is said that the general of all the *kappa* in Goto lives there. Legend has it that in the 8th year of Kyoho (1723), when the Goto domain's mansion in Edo was struck by fire, a large number of firefighters appeared from within the estate to protect it, and they were actually *kappa* from Goto. This legend spread in Edo, and the number of worshippers at the Mizu-jinja surged.

Also, it is said that footprints left by a mischievous *kappa* remain on the rock surface of Bentenjima, Shiraragahama in Miiraku Town, Fukue Island. Forming two sides of the same coin with the *Yamawaro* (Mountain Child) of Kyushu that travels between mountains and rivers, the mountain monsters and water monsters have been spoken of as a continuum in Goto. On islands surrounded by the sea and scarce in rivers, the *Gataro* embodies a *kappa* image unique to Goto, combining both the awe of the water god and the wish for fire prevention, as well as the friendly, mischievous nature.

Detailed Analysis

While the *Gataro* is a lineage of the Kyushu *kappa*, its image unique to Goto lies in the fact that it formed an independent belief as a guardian deity of fire prevention. The legend that the general of the *kappa* of Goto dwells in the Mizu-jinja on the Daienji River in Fukue Island, and that *kappa* firefighters protected the Goto domain's mansion in Edo during a fire in Kyoho 8 (1723), connected with the nationwide Suitengu belief of 'water god = fire prevention,' and became known even in Edo via the Goto domain's mansion.

Its form possesses the typical features of Kyushu *kappa*, such as the dish on the head, detachable arms, love of sumo, and human possession. However, it has thick traditions linked to local place names, such as the differences in island names like Gaataro, Kyataro, and Gappadon, and the kappa footprints remaining on Bentenjima in Shiraragahama, Miiraku. Sometimes spoken of as the alter ego of the *Yamawaro* that switches places seasonally, the *Gataro*, in Goto—surrounded by the sea and with limited clear streams—is a *kappa* rooted in island life, harboring the contrasts of water and fire, mischief and protection within a single body.

Character Profile

This section is our own creative profile for storytelling. It is not historical fact or scholarship.

Category
Water Yokai
Rarity
Uncommon
Personality
Mischievous and fond of sumo. It may possess people, but there are also docile individuals that share a drink of sake. It has a righteous side, rushing as a firefighter in times of fire.
Compatibility
山童(やまわろ)と山川を去来する表裏の関係。南九州のガラッパと同系。
Abilities
Guardian ability to rush to the scene as a firefighter during firesSuperhuman sumo strengthPossession of humansExtending, retracting, and detaching its arms
Weaknesses
Loses its power and supernatural abilities when the water in the dish on its head dries up. Its arms detach easily.
Habitat
Riversides and watersides of the Goto Islands (Daienji River in Fukue Island, Shiraragahama in Miiraku, etc.).

🔮Yokai Compatibility Test

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Sources & References

2
  1. 福江島コラム【カッパ伝説】 ガータローと水神社の火伏せ伝説五島引越し便(goto-hikkoshi.com, 2023) [古典文献]
  2. 五島列島福江島にある河童の足跡 (三井楽・白良ヶ浜弁天島)五島列島ファン(gotofan.net, 現行) [古典文献]

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