木魚達磨
Common
Traditional Yokai

Mokugyo Daruma

MOH-koo-gyoh dah-ROO-mah

Category

Animated Objects & Undead

Personality

Origin

Japanese folklore

Basic Description

A yokai of Buddhist ritual implements depicted by Toriyama Sekien in Hyakki Tsurezurebukuro. It appears as a wooden fish (mokugyō) bearing a bearded face like Bodhidharma (Daruma), seated on a round cushion with eyes wide open. Sekien hints it is akin to the Buddhist-tool spirit Harisumori. Because fish were believed never to sleep or close their eyes, the mokugyō symbolizes sleepless diligence in monastic practice. Linked with the legend of Bodhidharma’s nine years without sleep, it is read as a visualization of the ideal of wakefulness.

Folklore & Legends

Classed among the tsukumogami of the Night Parade of One Hundred Tools seen in early modern picture books and scrolls, with Sekien’s illustration as the primary source. Later ukiyo-e, notably by Tsukioka Yoshitoshi, follow this model. Concrete怪談 or oral tales are scarce; it circulates mainly as iconographic tradition. Its background lies in the mokugyō’s symbolism and the association with Daruma’s sleepless austerities, fitting the belief that temple implements gain spirit after long use.

Detailed Analysis

Mokugyo Daruma 図像伝承・石燕系

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